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Contents

Editors' acknowledgements

1. Introduction James Nazroo and William O'Connor
   
   1.1 Community-based studies of psychiatric morbidity
   1.2 The study of ethnic minority psychiatric illness in the community (EMPIRIC)
   1.3 Methods for the qualitative study
   
   1.3.1 Sample design and selection
   1.3.2 Conduct of the interviews
   1.3.3 Data analysis
   1.4 Ethical clearance
   1.5 The content of the report
   
   
2. Explaining the mental distress: narratives of cause Steve Fenton and Saffron Karlsen
   
   
   2.1 Introduction
   2.2 Discourses of causality
   

   2.2.1 Family relationships
   2.2.2 Employment issues
   2.2.3 Financial difficulties
   2.2.4 Racism
   2.2.5 Health concerns
   2.2.6 General causes
   2.2.7 Interconnections
   2.2.8 Group differences

   2.3 Summary and conclusions
   
   
3. Idioms of mental distress James Nazroo and William O'Connor
   
   

   3.1 Introduction
   3.2 Culture-bound syndromes
   3.3 Symptomatic expression
   

   3.3.1 Emotional or psychological symptoms
   3.3.2 Physical symptoms
   3.3.3 Metaphors

   3.4 Summary and conclusions

   
   
4. Coping mechanisms Kerry Sproston and Kamaldeep Bhui
   
   4.1 Introduction
   4.2 Personal resources
   
   4.2.1 Outlook on life
   4.2.2 Techniques used to deal with events
   4.2.3 Other personal resources
   4.3 Religious coping
   
   4.3.1 Religion as a way of life
   4.3.2 Religion as a source of inner strength/peace
   4.3.3 Relationship with God
   4.3.4 The role of prayer/religious ceremony
   4.3.5 Religious attribution for difficulties
   4.3.6 Religion and secular lives
   4.4 Summary and conclusions

5. Use of services Ini Grewal and Keith Lloyd
   
   
   5.1 Introduction
   5.2 Non-users of services
   

   5.2.1 Non-users by choice
   5.2.2 Non-users for other reasons

   5.3 Users of services
   

   5.3.1 Overview of services used
   5.3.2 Experience of services

   5.4 Summary and conclusions
   
   
   
   Appendices
   
   
   A Topic guide
   B Recruitment documents

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